河北省崆山白云洞成因与演化

Genesis and Evolution of Kongshan Baiyun Karst Cave in Lincheng County,Hebei Province

河北省崆山白云洞发育在以中寒武统张夏组为主的碳酸盐岩地层中,平面形态主要受NNW向、NE向和近EW向断裂控制,垂向上可分为3层,各层洞穴以沿陡倾断裂侵蚀、溶蚀而成的通道相连。第一层厅堂状溶洞(天堂、人间和地府)沿NNW向断裂展布,形成于早更新世中晚期;第二层格网状洞穴(迷宫和龙宫上部)沿NNW和NE向断裂发育,形成于中更新世中期—晚更新世初;第三层形态曲折的廊道形洞穴(龙宫下部)主要追踪NE和NNW向断裂延伸,形成于晚更新世晚期—早全新世初期。在白云洞形成发育过程中,曾经历了多次构造运动破坏。现今的白云洞,景观损毁、岩石破裂严重,灾害承受力低,因此洞穴结构稳定性保护和洞穴地质环境治理是当前重要而紧迫的任务。

Kongshan Baiyun karst cave system in Hebei Province developed mainly in Carbonate strata of Mid- dle Cambrian Zhangxia Formation. The horizontal distribution of the karst cave system was controlled by NNW, NE, and nearly EW faults. Baiyun karst cave system can be divided into three layer caves vertically, and every layer cave was connected by the passages which formed by erosion and corrosion following the steep faults. The firstlayer hall-like caves （paradise, the human world and netherworld） which developed along NNW faults formed in the mid-late stage of Early Pleistocene. The second layer reticula caves （ maze and upper dragon palace） which de- veloped tracking NNW and NE faults formed from the middle stage of Middle Pleistocene to the beginning of Late Pleistocene. The third layer zigzag Corridor-shape caves （lower dragon palace） following NE and NNW faults formed during the late of Late Pleistocene to the beginning of Early Holocene. Baiyun karst caves were damaged re- peatedly by tectonic movements during the development of them. Nowadays, the disaster bearing karst caves are very low. Therefore, protecting the cave structure stability and controlling ment are important work at present. capacity of Baiyun geological environ-ment are important work at present.