西安地区老年慢性病患者抑郁及其影响因素

Depression status in elderly patients with chronic diseases from Xi＇an, China and its influencing factors

目的探讨老年人群慢性病伴发的抑郁及其相关的影响因素。方法选取2011年1月至2012年5月西安地区部分年龄大于60岁的慢性病住院患者和病情稳定的社区老年人群，应用老年抑郁量表（GDS）和已确诊的各种慢性病及相关因素进行评估与分析。结果757例老年慢性病患者中，有抑郁症状者为40例，抑郁症状的发生率为5．28％。女性、文盲、重体力劳动者抑郁症状发生率显著高于男性、小学文化程度及以上者、脑力劳动者（P〈0．05），而不同年龄组之间抑郁症状的发生率差异无统计学意义（P〉0．05）。老年人抑郁症状发生率与慢性疾病具有一定的相关性。有慢性胃肠疾病者抑郁症状的发生率显著高于无胃肠疾病者（P〈0．05），其余各类疾病抑郁症状的发生率差异未见统计学意义。结论西安地区老年人慢性病患者抑郁症状的发生主要与慢性胃肠疾病相关，提示应该加强该类患者的心理疏导与关怀，以预防老年抑郁症状的发生。

Objective To survey the depression status accompanied with chronic diseases in elderly patients and the relative influencing factors. Methods Subjects were chosen from some hospitals and communities in Xi＇an region, who were over 60 years old, without severe cardiopulmonary diseases or cognitive disorder druing January 2011 to May 2012. Geriatric depression scale （GDS） was used, and the results were evaluated and analyzed with their diagnosed chronic diseases and related factors. Results Among the 757 subjects, 40 were diagnosed with depression, with an incidence of 5.28%. Moreover, the women, illiterate and hard laborers had a higher incidence than the men, those with above elementary education and mental workers （P 〈 0.05）. There was no statistical significance between different age groups （P 〉 0.05）. The incidence of depression was positively related to chronic diseases in elderly patients. The depression incidence was significantly higher in the elderly with gastrointestinal diseases than those without （P 〈 0.05）. However, there was no statistical difference among other system diseases （P 〉 0.05）. Conclusion The depression of elderly people with chronic diseases is significantly related to chronic gastrointestinal diseases, suggesting that psychological counseling and care should be enhanced to prevent their depression.