模型乳化油废水的稳定性研究

The Stability of Model Emulsified Oil Wastewater

以模型乳化油废水从静置开始至实现油水分离所需静置时间Ts的大小作为表征模型乳化油废水稳定性的标准,研究了粒径分布、表面活性剂类型、表面活性剂质量浓度和油分质量浓度对模型乳化油废水稳定性的影响规律。结果表明:其他参数相同时,模型乳化油废水的稳定性随平均粒径D(3,2)的增大而降低,随油分质量浓度的增大而增加;以阳离子表面活性剂C16H3(3CH3)3NBr、非离子表面活性剂C64H124O26和阴离子表面活性剂C18H29SO3Na为乳化剂的3种模型乳化油废水稳定性依次递增;当表面活性剂质量浓度处于较小范围内,模型乳化油废水的稳定性随表面活性剂质量浓度的增大而增加,但当表面活性剂质量浓度过大,超过临界胶束浓度,模型乳化油废水的稳定性反而降低。

Taking the standing time To that denotes a period from the beginning of standing to the realization of the separation of oil and water for model emulsified oil wastewater as the criterion that evaluates the stability of model emulsifed oil wastewater, in- fluences of droplet size distribution, surfactant category, surfactant mass concentration and oil mass concentration on the stability of model emulsified oil wastewater are studied. The results show that the stability of model emulsified oil wastewater decreases with the increase of the average droplet size D（3,2） and increases with the increase of oil concentration when other conditions keep all the same. The stabilities of three kinds of model emulsified oil wastewater whose emulsifiers are cationic surfactant C^sH33 （CH3）3NBr, nonionic surfactant C64HI24026 and anionic surfactant C18H29SO3Na respectively increase in turn. The stability increases with the in- crease of surfactant mass concentration when surfactant mass concentration is little relatively and decreases when surfactant mass concentration is bigger than that of the critical micelle mass concentration （CMMC）.