连云港地区农村留守儿童营养状况调查分析

Investigation and Analysis of the Nutrition Condition of the Left-behind Children in Lianyungang Rural Regions

目的:了解连云港地区农村留守儿童的营养状况,探讨父母外出务工对留守儿童营养状况的影响,为进一步改善他们的体质提供科学依据,为构建农村留守儿童健康管理模式、开展针对性的干预措施提供参考。方法:整群抽取连云港市4个县的4所农村中学13—17岁初中学生637人,其中留守儿童422人(66.2%)、非留守儿童215人(33.8%)。采用问卷调查,对照《中国居民膳食指南》对留守儿童的饮食行为和生活习惯进行评定。结果:留守儿童三餐营养搭配基本合理、留守儿童存在不吃主食情况、优质蛋白摄入严重不足、日饮水量(500mL)过少、睡眠时间不足、吸烟、喝酒等男女生差异极显著(P<0.01)。结论:留守儿童所占当地农村儿童的比例较高,饮食行为和生活习惯有待改善,其营养状况不容乐观,值得社会关注。

[Objective] to inquire into the nutrition condition of the left-behind children in Lianyungang rural regions, and discuss influence on the nutrition condition of the left-behind children by their parents going out to work to provide scientific foundation for improvement of their physique, and construction of the left-behind children＇s health management pattern and development of the well-directed inter-ventions. [Method] Totally 637 students between 13--17 year old from 4 middle rural schools in 4 counties of Lianyungang were chosen with cluster sampling. All the students including 422 left-behind children （66. 2% ） and 215nonleft-behind children （33.8%） were surveyed with questionnaire data regarding their dietary behaviors and habits which were evaluated according to the Chinese Residents＇Dietary Guidelines. [Result] There was no significant difference in The nutrition arrangement for the left-behind children＇s three meals every day was basically reasonable, and there were significant difference between the male and female students （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . There existed the situation that some left-behind children didn＇t have the principal food and the difference were significant between the male and female students （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, With serious insufficient intake of high quality protein, there were significant difference between the male and female students （ P 〈 0. 05 ）, The quantities of drinking water （500mL） were too few, and difference were significant between the male and female students （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. There was no significant difference in the sleeping time between the male and female students although both insufficient （ P 〉 0.05 ）. On smoking and drinking constitution, there was extremely significant difference between the male female students （P 〈 0. 01 ） . [Conclusion] The proportion of the left-behind children accounted for a high proportion of the local countryside children. The dietary behavior and habits of the left-behind children need to be improved, and the nutrition condition of the left-behind children is unoptimistic, which deserves attention by the society.