青年急性心肌梗死患者的临床特点及护理对策

Analysis of clinical characteristics and nursing countermeasures about acute myocardial infarction in young patients

目的:探讨青年急性心肌梗死(AMI)患者的临床特点及护理对策。方法:对49例青年AMI患者和82例老年AMI患者的临床资料进行分析比较。结果:青年组冠心病家族史、吸烟率明显高于老年组(P<0.05),患高血压、糖尿病率均显著低于老年组(P<0.01)。2组患者比较,青年组发病多有明确诱因(P<0.05),临床表现典型(P<0.01),并发症相对较少(P<0.01～P<0.05),病死率低(P<0.05),预后较好。结论:青年AMI应以冠心病危险因素为主进行早期预防,改变不良生活习惯有利于降低AMI的发生。

Objectlve：To explore the clinical characteristics and nursing countermeasures of young patients with acute myocardial infarction（AMI）. Methods： The clinical data of 49 young patients and 82 aged patients with AMI were analyzed and compared. Results：The two risk factors-family history of coronary disease and smoking in young group were significantly more common than those in elderly group（P 〈 0.05 ）. The ratio of patients with hypertension and diabetes in young group was significantly lower than that in elderly group（ P 〈 0.01 ）. Compared with aged patients, most young cases who got diseases were with clearly predisposing factors （P 〈 0.05 ） ,and the clinical manifestations were typical（ P 〈 0.01 ） ,the complications were relatively fewer（ P 〈 0.01 to P 〈 0.05 ）. The case-fatality rate of young patients with AMI was lower and the prognosis consequences were better（ P 〈 0.05 ）. Conclusions：The risk factors with coronary heart disease should be prevented in young patients with AMI as early as possible. Changing undesirable habits and customs is helpful for reducing the occurrence of AMI in young patients.