长江口南槽重金属的分布特征

The distributive character of heavy metals in the South Passage of Changjiang Estuary.

利用ＩＣＰ－ＡＥＳ测试长江口南槽水体中各重金属浓度的结果表明，水相中Ｍｎ、Ｚｎ、Ｃｕ、Ａｌ、Ｆｅ的浓度在枯水期明显大于洪水期，而悬浮物中各重金属的浓度随季节变化不明显；表层悬浮物中各重金属浓度大多比底层高，水相中各重金属浓度则是底层比表层高．近１０多年来，水体中Ｃｕ、Ｐｂ、Ｃｄ的浓度变化不大，但Ｚｎ的浓度有明显的增大；Ｆｅ、Ａｌ、Ｍｎ、Ｃｕ等重金属之间具有良好的相关性，说明其化学行为具有相似性．水体中各重金属的分布受到稀释、离子交换、吸附和凝聚的影响．

The concentrations of heavy metals in water of the South Passage of Changjiang Estuary were tested by ICPAES. Results showed that the concentrations of Mn,Zn,Cu,Al and Fe in the dry season was markedly higher than in the flood season; but the concentrations of heavy metals in suspended matters changed little with the change of season. The concentrations of heavy metals in surface suspended matters were higher than those in the bottom, but the dissolved heavy metals in surface water were lower than those in the bottom. In the last ten years, the concentrations of Cu,Pb and Cd had changed little, but the concentration of Zn has markedly incresed. Fe,Al,Mn and Cu have good correlation each other, which shows the similarity of their chemical behavior. The distribution of heavy metals in the water was effected by dilution, ions exchange, adsorption and agglomeration.