不动产善意取得之善意要件认定研究

Study on Identification of the Elements of Bona Fide in Bona Fide Acquisition of Immovable Property

《物权法》将善意取得制度适用于不动产物权,却没有对其核心要件,即善意做出单独界定,从而产生法律适用中的分歧。不动产善意取得之善意认定标准的界定应在秉承客观性、推定性和单一性的基础上有效区分动产善意取得;基于法理公平和经济成本分析,应将重大过失纳入善意的排除情形;为使实务操作更具可参照性,应进一步厘清各种善意排除情形的证明标准;基于不动产物权公示方法的特殊性和体系解释法的运用,应将善意准据时间确定为变更登记完毕之时或之前。

In Property Law, system of bona fide acquisition is applied to immovable property, while its core element, i.e. bona fide, has not been given a separate definition, which results in differences in application of law. Bona fide acquisition of movable property should be effectively distinguished on the basis of adhering to objectivity, presumption and singularity in the definition of identification standard of bona fide in bona fide acquisition of immovable property. Gross negligence should be included in exclusions of bona fide on the basis of analysis of legal fairness and economic costs. Proof standard of various exclusions of bona fide should be further clarified in order to make practical operation more referenceable. Due to the particularity of the publicity methods of immovable property and the use of system interpretation method, defining time of bona fide should be determined at or before the time when change of registration is completed.