砂姜黑土地氮磷钾配施对郑麦366群体动态及产量的影响

Effects of Combined Application of NPK Fertilizers on Population Dynamics and Yield of Zhengmai 366 in Lime Concretion Black Soil

为了给砂姜黑土地的小麦高产高效施肥提供参考,以郑麦366为材料,采用田间试验研究了氮磷钾配施对砂姜黑土地上小麦生长发育特点、产量及产量构成因素的影响。结果表明,改变氮肥种类和增施氮肥可以明显提高小麦产量,特别是氮肥优化施用+保水剂可显著提高砂姜黑土地小麦的总茎数和主茎叶龄,促进分蘖;优化施肥+保水剂或控释肥(N)可显著促进次生根生长,增产效果较好,小麦产量达8 756.87kg/hm2,而施肥和保墒是砂姜黑土地小麦增产的关键技术。因此,氮肥优化施用+保水剂可促进小麦分蘖成穗,提高其穗粒数、千粒重和产量。

To provide a reference for productive and efficient fertilization of wheat in lime concretion black soil, a field experiment was conducted to study the effects of combined application of NPK fertilizers on growth and development characteristics, yield and yield components of Zhengmai 366. The results showed that changing nitrogen fertilizer variety and increasing its application amount could significantly enhance wheat yield. Especially optimized nitrogen application plus water-retaining agent could significantly enhance total stem quantity and leaf age of main stem, and promote tillering of wheat in lime concretion black soil; Optimized fertilization plus water-retaining agent or controlled-release fertilizer（N） could evidently promote secondary root growing and yield increasing, the wheat yield could be up to 8 756.87 kg/hm2, fertilizing and soil moisture conservation were the key technology for wheat yield increasing in lime concretion black soil. Therefore, optimized nitrogen application plus water-retaining agen could promote wheat tiltering and enhance its grain number per spike, thousand grains weight and yield.