美国教师专业发展的困境与出路——首届“国际教师职业峰会”的背景和他国成功经验

Problems and Solutions to U.S. Teacher Professional Development——The Background and Other Countries' Successful Experience of the First International Summit on the Teaching Profession

首届"国际教师职业峰会"是世界教师职业发展史上史无前例的巅峰之会,它的召开主要源于美国当前教育改革与其教师队伍间的内在矛盾。美国欲从以下五个方面吸取国际先进经验,包括提高教师社会地位和职业声望、健全教师的评价机制和标准、从源头上提高教师从业者质量、强化教师的职前培养、构建教师持续专业发展的激励机制,这对美国教师队伍的建设和教师教育的改革与发展是极为有益的。但改变轻视教师的固有文化和完善基础教育的改革目标,乃是美国解决教师专业化发展问题的根本之路。

The first ＂Intemational Summit on the Teaching Profession＂ is unprecedented in the history of teacher professional development in the world. It was held mainly from the inherent contradiction between U. S. education reform and teachers. The U. S. intends to learn advanced intemational experience from the following five aspects： improving the social status and professional prestige of teachers and the teacher evaluation system and standards, ensuring the quality of teacher candidates from the source, strengthening pre - service training of teachers, building incentives for teachers＇continuing professional development, which would be extremely useful for the U. S. teach- ers and teacher education reform and development. However, changing the inherent tradition of contempt for teach- ers and improving the basic education reform goals, would be the fundamental path for U. S. to solve the problem of teacher professional development.