施肥对新疆天山北坡多年生人工草地生物量的影响

The Effect of Fertilizer Application on Artificial Perennial Grassland Biomass in the Northern Slope of Tianshan Mountain of Xinjiang

对新疆天山北坡建立的2年龄混播人工草地组合设置不同水平追肥处理,研究了肥料种类与多年生牧草地上生物量之间的关系,并用肥料利用效率最高为原则确定了该地区多年生混播人工草地施肥制度。试验结果表明,氮、磷、钾按一定比例追施,混播人工草地生物量达到最高水平,红豆草+冰草+新麦草,红豆草+冰草+无芒雀麦+苇状羊茅,红豆草+新麦草+老芒麦+披碱草分别增加产草量2 050.01 kg/ha,1 738.71 kg/ha,1 705.4 kg/ha,单独施用钾肥未能显著提高红豆草与禾本科混播组合地上生物量(P>0.01)。综合比较分析,初步确定氮、磷、钾混合施用能够显著提高多年生混播人工草地地上生物量。

The experiment glassland is located on the northern slope of Tianshan Mountain in Xinjiang. It is age of 2 years artificial mixed-sowing grassland. The different levels of top-dressing were setup and the relationship between the types of fertilizer and the ground biomass of the perennial grass has been studied. According to the rule of highest fertilizer use efficiency, the fertilizer regime to mixed-sowing artificial grassland was established. The results show that according to a certain proportion to topdressing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixture, the mixed-sowing artificial grass biomass can reach to the highest level. The grass yield of different mixture of Onobrychis .＋ Agropyron ＋ Psathyrostachys,Onobrychis .＋ Agropyron ＋ Bromus inermis Leyss＋ Festuca arundinace and Onobrychis. ＋ Psathyrostachys juncea ＋ Elymus sibiricus＋ Elymus dahuricus Turc, could increase 2 050.01 kg/ha separately. Single potassium fertihzer did of sainfoin and Poaceae （P〉 0.01）. According to kg/ha, 1 738.71kg/ha, 1705.4 kg/ha, 18 414 kg/ha, 17 543 not significantly increase the ground biomass to the mixture comprehensive comparative analysis, the preliminarily result is that mixed top-dressing of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium mixture will significantly increase the yield of ground biomass of artificial mixed-sowing perennial grassland.