周代昭穆制度新探——以周代丧葬为观察点

A Probe into Zhao-mu system of Zhou Dynasty

昭穆制度在我国古代礼制中占重要地位。经考古发掘的周代家族墓群,有的严格按照昭穆之制布局,有的体现了"别父子、远近、长幼、亲疏之序而无乱"的昭穆制度基本思想。从昭穆制度的演变看,殷代王陵、汉代帝陵的布局均可见昭穆制度的迹象。因此,周代丧葬中也极有可能存在昭穆制度。

Zhao - mu system occupies an important position in ancient ritual system of China. The excavated family tombs of Zhou Dynasty proved some were arranged in accordance with the strict Zhao - mu system and some reflected the basic principles of the Zhao - mu system. In view of the development of the Zhao - mu system, there are indications of Zhao - mu system in the tombs of emperors of Yin Dynasty and Han Dynasty. So this paper holds that the Zhao - mu system might exists in the funeral system of Zhou Dynasty.