燕麦雄性不育新种质在遗传改良中的应用

The Application of Male Sterile Oat in Genetic Improvement

对燕麦CA雄性不育材料的特征与遗传表现的研究表明,该不育性状是由1对隐性核基因控制的。对原CA雄性不育材料进行改造,设计出培育不同类型不育材料的选育程序,并转育出性状独特、不育株分离比例较高的新种质。提出了利用不育新种质改进燕麦杂交技术的方法,采用改进的杂交技术建成具有高千粒重、高蛋白质、低脂肪、丰产、抗病等性状的,遗传基础丰富的后代选择群体供育种应用。

The genetic performance and characteristics of CA male sterile oat materials have indicated that the male sterility is controlled by a pair of recessive nuclear gene. The original CA male sterile oat had been genetically improved and selection procedures for different types of male sterile materials were designed. Meanwhile,a new ge- netic population with unique traits and higher proportion sterility had been obtained by using male sterile oat lines. A novel technique for oat hybridization by using the new sterile lines had been established,and breeding populations with high-thousand-grain-weight, high-protein, low-fat, high-yield, and disease-resistant traits had been constructed with abundant genetic basis through this technique.