小儿声嘶2583例电子喉镜检查结果分析

Analysis of electronic laryngoscopy results in 2583 children with hoarseness

目的探讨小儿声嘶的病因、临床特点及电子喉镜在其检查及诊断中的作用。方法对2583例小儿声嘶患者的电子喉镜检查结果进行回顾性分析。结果男性1784例、女性799例。声带小结1322例,占51.18%;急性及慢性喉炎673例,占26.05%;声带息肉(包括息肉样变)426例,占16.49%;未见明显病变73例,占2.83%;喉乳头状瘤53例,占2.05%。以上为小儿声嘶常见5种病因,占总人数的98.60%。不同年龄组中各种病因的构成不同,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结论小儿声嘶的发病年龄以学龄前期为主,男性明显多于女性,病因以声带小结为主。电子喉镜检查是小儿声嘶有效的检查手段。

Objective To discuss the causes and clinical features of hoarseness in children and the significance of electronic laryngofibroscopy in the examination and diagnosis of it. Methods The electronic laryngofibroscopy data of 2 583 children with hoarseness were analyzed retrospectively. Results There were 1 784 males and 799 females. The top 5 causes of hoarseness in children which occupied 98.60% of all the cases were vocal cord nodule （ 1 322 cases, 51.18% ）, acute and chronic laryngitis （673 cases, 26.05% ）, vocal cord polys including polypoid degeneration （426 cases, 16.49% ）, normal vocal cord （73 cases, 2.83% ）, and laryngeal papilloma （53 cases, 2.05% ）. In different age groups the various causes of formation were different, and the difference was statistically significant （ P 〈 0. 01 ）. Conclusions The hoarseness in children was mainly seen in preschoolers. The incidence was higher in boys than in girls and the main cause of hoarseness in children was vocal nodule. Electronic laryngofibroscopy was an effective method of inspection in children with hoarseness.