骨髓结核病的病理与临床分析

Clinical and Pathololgical Analysis of Bone Marrow Tuberculosis

目的探讨骨髓结核病的病理及临床特征,阐明骨髓结核病的诊断要点。方法回顾性分析2004年1月至2010年12月四川大学华西医院诊断的30例骨髓抗酸染色阳性患者的骨髓病理、临床特征。结果骨髓结核病以中青年患者为主,男女比例1.5∶1。发热为主要症状,累及多个系统,多伴有血细胞减少,多合并肺结核。痰涂片查抗酸杆菌阳性率低。骨髓活检病理以肉芽肿性炎为主,伴或不伴干酪样坏死。及时抗结核治疗病死率明显降低。结论骨髓结核病常伴有多系统结核,骨髓结核病患者病情较重,早期诊断尤为重要,及时、规律的治疗预后良好。

Objective To explore the pathology and clinical features of bone marrow tuberculosis. Methods 30 cases of bone marrow tuberculosis diagnosed in West China Hospital between January 2004 and December 2010 were recruited in the study. Their pathology and clinical data were retrospectively analyzed. Results The majority of the patients were young and middle-aged. The ratio of male to female was 1.5 ： 1. Fever was the main symptom, which often accompanied by cough, sputum, fatigue, anorexia, abdominal pain, bloating and diarrhea and other symptoms. Bone marrow tuberculosis involved multiple systems, accompanied by cytopenia and pulmonary tuberculosis. The ratio of sputum smear positive for acid-fast bacilli was low. Bone marrow biopsy mainly showed granulomatous inflammation with or without caseous necrosis. The mortality could be significantly reduced by anti-tuberculosis treatment in time. Conclusion Bone marrow tuberculosis is serious and often accompanied by muhiple systems tuberculosis. Early diagnosis is particularly important. Timely and regular treatment is in great needed.