清代台湾客家与福佬族群的互动与融合——以客家民间信仰为例

Interaction and Iintegration between the Hakkas and Fulao in Taiwan during Qing Dynasty

清领台湾时期闽粤两省的客家人与福佬人在原乡人多地少、自然灾害频发的背景下,冒险来台讨生活。伴随他们来台的是原乡的祖籍神,福客移民希望在新拓之地得到祖籍神明的庇佑。随着移民在台湾的拓垦,原乡的祖籍神在台湾传播开来。福、客族群在拓垦过程中的错综复杂关系,最集中、最完整地体现在民间信仰。来自原乡的祖籍神是福客族群在协作拓垦时期的共同守护神,是族群关系紧张、族群意识高涨的标识,反映了福客族群的最终融合。透过客家民间信仰在台的变化,可以看到其背后福客族群关系的演进过程。

The complex relationship between Hakkas and Fulao in Taiwan is the most concentrated, most complete one reflecting in folk beliefs. Hometown gods are Hakka ethnic and Fulao ethnic common patron saint, are identification on ethnic relations tension or high ethnic consciousness. Hometown gods reflect the Hakka Ethnic and Fulao Ethnic final fusion. Through the changes of Hakka folk beliefs in Taiwan, we can see the relations between Hakka Ethnic and Fulao Ethnic during the evolution process.