美国突发环境事件应急体系的现状分析与思考

The Analysis and Reflection about the Current Situation of Environmental Emergency System in the United States

美国应急体系总体而言,其特点是:体系非常庞大,装备精良,从业人员数量较大且素质要求很高,职责分工很细很明确,法律体系十分健全,应急意识较强,应急准备、应急培训、应急宣传等方面工作开展的非常规范,尤其值得一提的是,美国公民的应急意识、知识、技能等方面的素质较高,环境保护、自我保护的意识也比较强。以美国环保署第九区环保局为例,该区每年会接到9000多个电话,几乎全部是居民打进的,其中约8000个是报警电话。

Broadly speaking, the features of emergency system in the United States is that with a huge system and excellent equipment, it possesses a large number of employees of quality. Apart from the elaborate and clear division of duty, the sound law system, and the strong emergency awareness, jobs like emergency preparation, emergency training, and emergency publicity are well done. It is especially worthing mentioning that the Americans＇mergency awareness, knowledge , and skills are comparatively excellent and their environmental protection and self - protection awarenesses are stronger as well. Take the Ninth District Environmental Protection Agency in America as an example, phone calls almost all made by residents are over 9000 every year in which 8000 calls are alarm calls.