颅内外动脉粥样硬化的影像学研究

Image tools for the evaluation of intra-and extra-cerebral atherosclerosis

颅内外动脉粥样硬化是缺血性脑卒中的重要病因。动脉粥样硬化一方面可造成原位管腔狭窄,阻碍血运,而具有溃疡、出血等特点的不稳定粥样硬化斑块更是脑栓塞的重要原因。动脉粥样硬化的诊断主要依赖于各种影像学手段,如数字减影血管造影(DSA)、超声、CT血管造影(CTA)、磁共振血管成像(MRA)等,它们各有其特点,对于管腔狭窄和不稳定斑块的检测有着不同的敏感性和特异性。临床医生应据实际情况选择不同的检测方式,提高动脉粥样硬化的诊断水平。

Atherosclerosis is an important cause of ischemic stroke. Atherosclerosis not only causes arterial stenosis or occlusion, it could also form unstable plaques which are the main cause of cerebral embolism. The diagnosis of atherosclerosis mainly depends on imaging methods such as DSA, ultrasound, CTA and MRA, which have different sensitivity and specificity for determining arterial stenosis and unstable plaque. A proper imaging method should be chosen according to clinical practical to optimize the diagnosis of atherosclerosis.