试论文化本位观照下的文言诗文教学

On Teaching of Classic Chinese Poems and Essays in Middle Schools: from Perspective of the Cultural Standard

针对目前文言诗文教学"文化价值"理解的偏误,文章从汉语言文字本体特性的分析入手,提出文言诗文教学是以文化为本位的教学。这种文化本位观既关注文言诗文承载内容的文化特性,又关注文言诗文语言形式的文化属性。以此观照当前的中学文言诗文教学,其教学目的及教学内容均存在一定程度的偏失。根据文化本位的核心观点,文言诗文教学目的定位应以"文化素养"为价值取向,文言诗文选文应按"定篇"的性质去规定、设计。

Aiming at exposing the biased understanding of cultural values in the teaching of classical Chinese poems and essays in middle schools and starting with the analysis of features of Chinese characters,the author strives to grasp the features of classic poems and essay teaching,holding that the teaching of classic Chinese poems and essays in middle school is the culture-based teaching.Such concept of culture orientation focuses not only on the cultural features embodied in classical poems and essays,but also on the attributes of the language forms of classical poems and essays.Examination of the teaching objectives and teaching content from the cultural perspective reveals that there exist problems in current teaching of classical Chinese poems and essays in primary and middle schools,The author also argues that the positioning of teaching objective of classical poems and essays should be orientated towards cultural literacy and classical poems and essays should be designed,regulated and selected according to the nature of pomes and essays.