废弃焦粉及半焦的脱灰活化研究

Research on deashing and activation of the abandoned coke powders and semi-cokes

焦粉、半焦是冶金、化工、电石等生产企业将工业焦炭破碎时产生的一种副产物,灰分高,比表面积和孔容都比较小,为了提高其性能,需要进行脱灰、活化。试验采用不同浓度HNO3、KOH对其进行脱灰试验,然后进行高温水蒸气活化,并利用FTIR红外光谱测试其表面官能团的变化,利用N2等温吸附对样品处理前后的BET比表面积、孔径、孔容进行测定,得出最佳脱灰工艺条件为:用浓度为20%的KOH处理后,再用硝酸处理脱灰率最高,样品灰分可降至8%左右,硝酸处理后样品表面酸性官能团明显增加。焦粉经高温水蒸气活化后,孔径以中孔为主,微孔含量很少,比表面积达到了80 m2/g,比原料焦粉提高了近5倍。

Coke powder, semi - coke, as byproducts which is broken from the fabrication of industrial coke in the production process of metallurgy, chemical industry, calcium carbide and other production enterprise, have bigh ash content, small surface area and pore volume. In order to improve the properties of the simple, the sample must be deashed and activated. In this research, we make the de - ash experi- ment of the raw materials by different concentration of HNO3 and KOH, and then the sample was activa- ted in high temperature steam. From the FTIR test, we carl acquire the content of the surface functional groups, such as Carboxyl and hydroxyl, the BET specific surface area, pore size, volume of the sample was determined by utilizing the N2 isothermal adsorption. From the experiments of acid and alkali treat- ment, we can conclude the optimal technological condition is that acid treatment after the 20% concentra- tion alkali process. The ash content is decreased to 8%. The acid functional groups were increased rapid- ly after HNO3 treatment. The activated coke fines have mainly mesopores and its proportion of micro- porous is low. The specific surface area of the activated samples reached 80 m2/g and increased about 5 times than the raw materials.