高精度信号载频估计算法的FPGA实现

The FPGA implementation of high accuracy frequency estimator

无线电信号载波频率估计通常使用载波跟踪环方法实现,为避免载波跟踪环性能矛盾的不足,本文采用了一种基于相位线性回归的载波频率估计测量方法.首先阐述了此方法采用的信号模型,然后通过最小二乘法建立信号频率的线性拟合方程,并求其闭式解以达到载频估计的目的,最后在XC5VSX95t的FPGA硬件平台上实现实时信号处理系统.实验表明,该算法可靠性高且占用资源少,它能够有效的完成无线电信号的高精度载频估计任务.经测试该系统工作稳定可靠并且已经应用到实际无线电信号载频估计测试之中.

The carrier tracking loop is used for the radio signal carrier frequency measurement in common.To overcome the limitations of the carrier tracking loop system,a method of single-carrier frequency measurement which based on the phase linear regression algorithm has been proposed.First,the signal model is described;then,the linear regression equation of the signal frequency is established by using the least squares method.After these,the closed form solution of the regression equation is solved and the estimation of the carrier frequency is gained.At last,the real-time signal processing system has been set on the FPGA hardware platform using XC5VSX95t.The experiment shows that the algorithm has high reliability and low resource consumption,it is well qualified for the task of the high-accuracy signal carrier frequency estimation.This signal processing platform has been tested and worked stable and reliable,which has been applied to the frequency estimation of an actual radio testing experiment system.