柞蚕大型茧黄蚕新品种“沈黄1号”的选育

Breeding of the New Large Cocoon Yellow Tussah Variety Shenhuang 1

柞蚕新品种选育及应用是提高柞蚕茧质量和产量的最经济有效的措施之一,针对近年来东北及华北地区春季常发生高温干旱等气象灾害,拟在东北地区选育黄蚕血统的大型茧品种,以适应柞蚕生产的需要。以青6号为母本、方山黄1号为父本进行杂交,选择F2代分离出的黄色及全茧量高的个体继代,经过高温、低温冲击及抗病性筛选试验,经6年12代杂交选育,于2003年选育出适合东北蚕区的柞蚕黄蚕血统新品种—"沈黄1号"。该品种秋季全茧量9.76g、茧层量1.29g、茧层率13.22%,单蛾产卵数春秋分别为310粒及295粒,实用孵化率98%,虫蛹统一生命率98.5%;全龄经过春、秋分别为52d及42d;小区及农村生产试验表明,分别比青6号增产16.4%及13.5%,每千克种卵平均单产达到507.1kg。

The breeding and application of tussah new variety is one of the most economical and effective methods to improve quality anti output of tussah cocoon. In recent years, extreme weather in spring such as high temperature and drought occurred in northeast and north China had great impact on tussah rearing and caused great attention of sericultural researchers. The new large cocoon yellow tussah variety Shenhuang I which adapts to the climate in northeast China was bred by the methods of cross breeding after six years twelve generations in 2003. During the process of the breeding of new tussah variety, Qing 6 and Fangshanhuang 1 were used as female and male parent, respectively. The larvae of yellow and blgh cocoon weight from F2 population were selected for reproduction, and they were tested by high- and low-temperature and disease resistanee. Cocoon weight in autunm is 9.76g, shell weight is 1.29g, shell rate is 13.22%, amount of laid eggs is 310 grains/moth in spring anti 295 grains/moth in autumn, hatchability is 98%, larva-pupa rate is 98.5%, duration of all instars is 52d in spring and 42d in autunm. 927kg cocoons was bred in 2003-2007, the yield increased by 16.4% to CK in average. The test of country yieht was carried through in 2002-2007, the yield was 507.1kg of each kilogram eggs, which increased by 13.5% to Qing 6.