基于计划行为理论的大学生锻炼行为研究

A Study on the College Students' Physical Exercise Based on the Theory of Planned Behavior

为了运用计划行为理论来探究中国大学生锻炼行为的预测因素,对武汉四所高校大学生随机抽样并采用TPB量表、行为习惯量表、锻炼行为量表对其进行TPB因素、锻炼习惯、锻炼行为调查,运用方差分析、相关分析、回归分析、路径分析等统计学方法分析问卷数据,结果表明:计划行为理论对我国大学生群体参加体育锻炼具有显著的预测作用;将行为习惯变量纳入计划行为理论框架后可以进一步提高其对我国大学生参与体育锻炼的预测作用;男生在锻炼意图、行为习惯、锻炼行为上显著高于女生;大二、大三的学生在行为控制感、行为习惯、锻炼行为上显著低于大一、大四的学生;学科、户口状况在各维度差异检验中效应不显著;除主观规范外,锻炼行为与其他各维度呈显著正相关;主观规范与行为习惯的交互作用显著;行为习惯可以增强TPB模型对锻炼行为的预测力。

In order to explore the predictive {actors o{ Chinese college students exercise behavior by using the theory of planned behavior, the random samples of the college students in Wuhan city were measured of TPB factors, behavior habit and exercise behavior by using TPB scale, behavior habits scale and exercise behavior scale through the research method of questionnaire. After analyzing the data of questionaire by using statistic method, such as variance analysis, correlation analysis, regression analysis, path analysis,etc. , we can draw the following conclusins that the theory of planned behavior has significant predictive effects on college students taking part in physical exercise in China. Taking behavior habit variables into the framework of the planned behavior theory can further improve the prediction effects of college students taking part in physical exercise in our country. Boys were significantly higher than girls in the exercise intentions, the behavior habit and the exercise behavior. Sophomore and junior students were significantly lower than freshmen and senior students in behavior control, behavior habit and exercise behavior. The discipline and registered permanent residence status had no significant influnce on the dimension of the inspection effect. Exercise behavior is in significant positive correlation with other dimensions except for the subjective standards. The interaction of subjective norms and behavior habits were significant and behavior habit can enhance the predictive power of physical exercise behavior in TPB model.