贵州高速公路岩石边坡常用绿化植物幼苗生长规律实验研究

Experimental Research on Seedling Growth Rhythm of Common Greening Plants on Rock Slope of Expressway in Guizhou

本文通过播种试验,研究贵州高速公路边坡绿化常用的10种乔、灌植物和10种草本植物的幼苗生长规律,以选择出最适合高速公路绿化的植物种类。结果表明:乔灌木植物中双荚决明出苗时间最短,木豆、双荚决明、紫穗槐、多花木兰的出苗率及高生长较大,各种乔灌木幼苗的高生长总体呈现"慢-快-慢"即"S"型的生长节律;草本植物中狗牙根和白三叶的盖度及高生长较大;刺槐、双荚决明和多花木兰及狗牙根、白三叶、草坪高羊茅、草坪黑麦草等可作为主要的护坡植物先锋种,其应用于高速公路岩石边坡绿化可在种间竞争中处于相对有利的地位,有利于植物群落的形成和实现快速覆盖固坡的作用。

10 species of trees, shrubs and 10 herbs, which are commonly used as greening plants on rocky slopes of expressway in Guihzou, were studied for their seedling growth rhythm, in order to select suitable plant species for highway greening. The results showed that： 1）Cassia bicapsularis is the first emerging species, and Cajanus cajan, Sophora xanthantha and Amorpha fruticosa have higher germination rate and height; 2） the height growth of various tree and shrub seedlings presented a ＂slow-fast-slow＂ , namely ＂S＂ type, of growth rhythms;3） the herb plants, Cynodon dactylon and Trifolium repens, have higher coverage rate and height growth; 4）Robinia pseudoacacia, Sophora xanthantho, Indigofera pseudotinctoria, Cynodondactylon, Trifolium repens, Festuca arundinacea,and Lolium perenne can be used as the pioneer plant species, which have great interspecific competition advantageous, thereby speed up the formation of plant communities and achieve the goals of rapidly covering and fixation of the highway rock slopes.