从献公到文公:论晋国营霸方式的转变

From Duke Xian to Duke Wen:the Transformation of the Way of Jin's Hegemony-building

晋献公致力于扩张争霸,任内使晋国勃兴,从"土小国弱"的"偏侯"跃居强国行列,而其经营霸业的方式则是"尚武寡德",对族人"无亲",对王室"无君",对诸侯"以武与威",专务侵吞。晋惠公营霸方式大体与献公相类,但同时又有些许差异与改变。晋文公即位后则从整体上转变了晋国以往营霸方式,采取东方"霸政"模式",以力假仁",把握时机,"尊王攘夷",终成一代霸主。而国内外"时势"的演变与文公"东奔流亡"的经历则是促使此种转变得以形成的最为关键的因素。

Duke Xian of the Jin during the reign has been committed to the expansion of hegemony, and made Jin quickly in his hands strong and prosperous as a small and weak vassal State turned into a power. He sought for dominance by means of advocating militancy and does not paying attention to virtue, bloody treatment to his people, and irreverence to Zhou royal family, aggression to neighbors. Duke Jinhui was similar, but somewhat different to him. Then duke Wen came to the throne after they, he used the way of hegemony-build- ing in which pay attention not only of force but also to the righteousness. Respected the Zhou royal family, and resisted the alien. Why is there such a change, this was the situation at home and abroad evolved a relation- ship, and Duke Wen exile experience.