关于麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布律的讨论

The Discussion of Maxwell-Boltzmann Distribution

一般大学物理教科书上,往往将麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布律理解为仅适用于理想气体。文中对麦克斯韦-玻尔兹曼分布律的适用范围进行了讨论,通过吉布斯正则分布,证明了该统计分布律既适用于理想气体又适用于非理想气体。该分布律适用范围的证明,有利于该理论在大学物理教学中的拓展和应用。

In general physics textbooks, the Maxwell - Boltzmann distribution law is understood as applying on- ly to ideal gas. The scope of Maxwell - Boltzmann distribution law was discussed by the Gibbs canonical distribu- tion and it has proved that the Maxwell - Boltzmann distribution law applies to ideal gas as well as others. The proof of this distribution law is conducive to the expansion and application of this theory in college physics teach- ing.