基于效用函数的阶梯式水价分析

Based on the Utility Function of the Multistep Water Price Analysis

阶梯式水价在提高节约用水意识和水资源利用与分配效率上具有重要意义。该文分析制定居民阶梯水价需认识的居民对水价的承受能力、水厂供水成本和社会的节水需求3方面问题;按用水量多少为划分标准,将自来水分为不同阶梯,视为不同的商品;在效用函数的基础上,依据线性支出系统理论,建立了模拟阶梯式水价和用水量关系的模型,为实施阶梯式水价提供依据。以杭州市萧山区为例,应用建立的模型,模拟阶梯式水价实施产生的效果,从而验证提出模型的可操作性。

Multistep water price has an important significance in improving the consciousness of saving water,water resource utilization and distribution efficiency.This paper analysis the problem that formulating the multistep water price should be considered from three aspects： residents of water price capacity,water supply cost and the social demand of water saving.This paper divides water into different steps,as different commodities,according to water consumption,the paper establishes the simulation model of the relationship between the multistep of water price and the water demand,to provide basis for multistep water price.We take Xiaoshan district,Hangzhou as an example,using established simulation model,simulate the effect of multistep water price implementation,and verify the operability of this model.