汶川地震极重灾区通信基站典型震害及原因分析

Typical damage analysis for mobile communication base stations in the extremely damage area of Wenchuan earthquake

本文在地震现场科学考察的基础上,对汶川地震极重灾区通信基站的典型震害进行了总结分析。地震对移动通信基站的直接影响主要包括通信铁塔的破坏、房屋建筑的破坏、通信设备的破坏、通信光缆的破坏以及外部电力供应的中断。个别基站还出现了由于蓄电池短路引起的次生火灾。根据震害调查结果,通信光缆是目前移动通信网络抗震的最薄弱环节之一,特别是山区的架空光缆被山体滑坡和滚石破坏严重。其次是由于移动通信基站往往选择在山脊、房顶等高处,地形效应和鞭梢效应加重了基站的震害。

Based on the site survey in the damage area of Wenchuan earthquake, the typical damages of mobile communication base stations are analyzed in this paper. The direct influences on the mobile communication system include tower damage, building destruction, communication equipment failure, optical cable failure and the external power supply interruption. A few of base station were also damaged by secondary fire because of the battery short circuit. According to the investigation of seismic disasters, the communication optical cable is one of weak links for the current mobile communication network, many cable lines were destroyed by the landslide or rockfall in Wenchuan earthquake. The topographic effect and whiplash effect also increased the serious of damage because that the mobile communication base station was built on the top of a hill or a building.