梳棉工艺与梳理器材设计探讨

Carding Technology and Carding Equipment Design

根据实现对纤维平衡梳理、柔性梳理和充分梳理的要求,提出适当增加针齿密度、减缓分梳速度、放宽分梳点隔距的做法,以有利于保护纤维,提高梳理质量。梳棉工艺试验结果证明,后部工艺及刺辊齿条的改进可减少纤维损伤,提高纤维转移率。通过降低除尘刀高度、适当缩短第一落杂区长度,可降低短绒率及落棉率。适当控制小漏底各点隔距及刺辊与大漏底鼻尖隔距,可增强短绒的排除能力,提高梳理器材的使用寿命。同时,通过对盖板针布与锡林针布分梳纤维状态分析,对盖板针布和锡林针布的设计作了调整。试验结果表明,盖板花中的短绒率和杂质吸收率均得到改善。等隔距分梳可有效改善和稳定分梳效果。此外,对道夫针布齿形及清梳工艺配合方面也提出了改进方法。最后,在A186梳棉机上的试验表明,改进后的工艺及器材得到的生条及纱线指标均得到明显提高。

To meet the demand of balanced carding,soft carding and full carding,measures such as increasing needle density,slowing carding speed,widening gauges at carding points are proposed to help protect fiber and improve carding quality.Technological experiment results show that the improvements of back technology and taker-in rack can reduce fiber damage and increase fiber transfer rate.Lowering mote knife height and properly shortening the length of the first dust dropping area can decrease short fiber rate and waste percentage.To appropriately control the gauges at points on under casing and the gauge between taker-in and the nose end of cylinder screen can help remove short fiber and prolong the life of carding equipment.Meanwhile,according to the analysis on the fiber situation,the flat clothing and cylinder clothing are re-designed.Experiment results show that the short fiber rate and dust absorption rate in card strips are both improved.Equal gauge carding can effectively improve and stabilize carding result.Further more,methods of changing the shape of doffer needle and its coordination with blowing and carding technology are put forward.Finally,the test on A186 card demonstrates that the indexes of sliver and yarn produced with the revised technology and equipment are remarkably improved.