间接言语行为与语言矛盾的升级和化解

Indirect Speech Acts and The Escalation or Reconciliation of Language Disputes

日常言语行为是导致人际矛盾的升级和化解的重要因素之一。奥斯汀"说话就是做事"之观点启发人们要从实际语言交流的角度去观察和解释语言和行为之间的联系,如实地把语言看作一种实施行为的手段。美国哲学家塞尔依据奥斯汀的理论提出间接言语行为理论,并对奥斯汀的理论作了继承修正和改进。本文主要依据塞尔间接言语行为理论,探讨间接言语行为与人际矛盾的升级和化解之间存在的联系,并通过实际案例的解析,对怎样运用间接言语行为化解人际矛盾提出个人建议。

Daily speech acts may lead to reconciliation or escalation of disputes in eomm unication. J.L. Austin＇s opinion that to speak is to do things inspires people to observe and explain the relationships between speech and behavior from a perspective of practical commu- nication, and to regard speech as a real tool to implementing our intentions. American philosopher J.R Searle put forward the theory of ＂Indirect Speech Acts＂, which derives from J.L. Austin＇s＂Speech Acts Theory＂ but has made some revisions on it. Based on J.R Searle＇ s theory, this paper is an attempt to explore the relationship between people＇ s indirect speech acts and the reconciliation or escalation of disputes in communication. Through an analysis of some real examples, this paper also aims at giving some suggestions on how to resolve language disputes by turning to indirect speech acts.