撑绿竹纸浆林氮磷钾肥效及其适宜配比研究

The Effects of N,P and K Fertilizer Application on Bambusa pervariabilis×Dendrocalamopsis daii

采用三因素二次回归正交旋转组合设计,建立撑绿竹纸浆林新竹产量与氮磷钾肥施用量的回归模型。通过对肥料主效应的分析得出,氮磷钾肥对产量的影响程度依次是:磷(x2)>钾(x3)>氮(x1),对两因素交互效应的分析得出:磷、钾之间存在一定程度的正交互效应。通过对回归方程进行模拟寻优,得到本试验条件下,撑绿竹最高产量(7 881.47 kg/hm2)和最佳经济效益(2 963.19元/hm2)的氮磷钾编码值分别为0.37、1.68、1.68和0.05、1.12、1.03。最高产量时尿素、过磷酸钙和氯化钾的施用量分别为601.32、978.46、549.77 kg/hm2;获得最佳经济效益时,氮磷钾肥施用量分别降低了79.12、162.69、106.42 kg/hm2,产量降低了5.82%,但经济效益却增加了7.29%。说明扩大撑绿竹林面积比单纯增加施肥量可获得更多的产量和效益。

A model of application effect of N, P and K fertilizer on yield of Bambusa pervariabilis x Dendro- calarnopsis daii was established by quadratic regression orthogonal rotational design of three factors in the cur- rent work. The analysis of the principal effect of fertilizer showed that N, P and K had different effects on the increase of the bamboo output, and the function ordcr was： P（x2 ） 〉 K （x3 ） 〉 N（x1 ） . Two-factor interac- tion analysis showed that there somewhat existed a positive interaction between P and K. By computer simula- tion, the optimum fertilization combinations, N0.37P1.6sK1.68 for maximum yield （7 881.47 kg/hm^2） and N0.05 P1.12K1.03 for the best economic income （2 953.19 yuan/hm^2） wcrc obtained. Under this experimental condi- tion, the best fertilization program for the maximum yield was combination application of 601.32 kg/hm2 urea, 978.46 kg/hm^2 superphosphate, and 549.77 kg/hm^2 potassium chloride. Compared with the maximum yield fertilizer program, the fertilizer amounts of urea, superphosphate and potassium chloride for the best e- conomic income decreased by 79.12 kg/hm^2, 162.69 kg/hm^2 and 106.42 kg/hm^2, respectively, by which the bamboo yield reduced 5.82% and economic benefits increased 7.29%. Therefore, the enlargement of plantation area is more effective in comparison with increase of fertilizer application.