小苗膜下移栽对烤烟生长及土壤水温效应的影响

Effect of Transplanting Tobacco Seedlings under Plastic Film on Tobacco Growth,Soil Moisture and Temperature

试验研究了烤烟小苗膜下栽培技术对烟叶农艺性状、根系发育以及土壤水温效应的影响。结果表明,与常规栽培方式比较,膜下栽培能促进烟苗早生快发,明显增加了株高、有效叶数和最大叶面积,延长了烤烟大田生育期4～6 d,提高了栽后25 d内膜下温度和土壤水分含量,促进了根系发育,表现为主侧根数量和长度具有不同程度增加,降低了烟草马铃薯Y病毒病和烟草黄瓜花叶病毒病的病情指数,提高了产值和效益。进一步分析表明,烤烟膜下栽培的保温保水效应是促进烟株前中期生长的重要因素。

Field experiments were conducted to investigate the effect of transplanting tobacco seedlings under plastic film on tobacco growth, soil moisture and temperature. The results showed that, compared to conventional culture, transplanting tobacco seedlings under plastic film could promote early germination and fast development of seedlings, significantly increase plant height, effective leaf number and maximum leaf area of tobacco plant, and extend field growth duration for 4-6 days, increase soil temperature and moisture content under film for 25 days after transplanting, stimulate root development, e.g. the quantity and length of the taproot and lateral root increase, and it also reduced the disease indices of PVY and CMV, and increased tobacco leaf yield and value. Therefore, transplanting tobacco seedlings under plastic film should be recommended to local tobacco production.