安徽农业投入产出效率评价分析

Analysis of Anhui Agricultural Input and Output Efficiency

使用数据包络分析方法(DEA),对安徽省各市2003～2010年数据进行农业投入产出效率分析。池州、蚌埠、淮南、淮北、亳州出现规模报酬递增,安庆、池州、滁州、巢湖、六安、宿州、亳州出现规模报酬递减,表明都没有达到DEA有效,存在效率改善空间;黄山、合肥、铜陵连续八年DEA有效,遥遥领先,淮南、淮北、亳州、六安在七年时间里DEA无效,而且效率值在低位徘徊,表明两个梯队效率差距明显。DEA视窗分析得出合肥、蚌埠、阜阳、滁州、马鞍山、芜湖、宣城、铜陵、安庆、黄山得分稳定在0.9的较高效率水平上,六安、淮南、淮北得分较低,合肥、池州的产出效率有提高趋势,亳州、蚌埠、巢湖相对效率均值呈下降趋势。从整体看,安徽省各市农业投入产出效率都有小幅改善,建议适度加大皖北地区的农业要素投入,尤其对机械动力等薄弱要素的投入,进行精耕细作,提高粮食单产和粮食品质;池州、滁州、安庆应借鉴黄山、合肥、铜陵发展特色农业的经验,规模耕种;减少资源开采过程中的耕地破坏,合理治理沉降区。

This research uses the method of data envelopment analysis to make agricultural input-output efficiency analysis of the various cities in Anhui Province from 2003 to 2010. Such cities as Chizhou, Bengbu, Huainan, Huaibei and Bozhou reveal increasing returns to scale, however, such cities as Anqing, Chizhou, Chuzhou, Chaohu, Liu＇an, Suzhou and Bozhou reveal decreasing returns to scale, meaning that they have not reached the best DEA efficiency and there is room for improvement in the presence of efficiency. The DEA efficiency of the cities of Huangshan, Hefei and Tongling has been far ahead of other cities for eight consecutive years.The DEA efficiency of the cities of Huainan, Huaibei, Bozhou and Liu/an has been invalid for seven years and the efficiency values are at low levels, which indicates the apparent efficiency gap exists between the two echelon. Such cities as Hefei, Bengbu, Fuyang, Chuzbou, Ma＇anshan, Wnhu, Xuancheng, Tongling, Anqing and Huangshan score stabilized at a higher level of efficiency of 0.9 by DEA window analysis. Liu＇an, Huainan and Huaibei score lower. Hefei and Chizhou have an improving trend in output efficiency while the relative efficiency of Chaohu, Bozhou and Bengbu has a downward trend. Overally looking, agricultural input and output efficiency has slightly improved in Anhui Province. It is suggested that the agricultural input in Northern Anhui be modestly increased, especially for mechanical power; the current weak input be intensified; the commissariat per unit area yield and grain quality be raised; the cities of Chizho, Chuzhou and Anqing draw on the experience in the development of characteristic agriculture and scale farming in Huangshan, Hefei and Tongling; the destruction of arable land in the process of resource extraction be reduced; and the ground subsidence be reasonably governed.