陕西民间音乐的地域特征与生成背景

On the Geographical Features and Background of Folk Music in Shaanxi Province

陕西省境内的民间音乐从整体上呈现出陕北民歌发达、关中戏曲和曲艺兴盛、陕南种类多样但影响较小的地域之别,同时有音乐文化中心区与过渡区的差异。仅从民歌来看,在陕北与陕南形成了绥德、紫阳两个民歌中心,而且民歌的体裁在全省境内呈现非均质分布。形成如是地域性差异的主要原因有三点:首先是陕北高原、关中盆地和陕南山地的地貌差异,其二是古代音乐文化,其三是高层政区、统县政区和治所的兴废变迁所至。

Folk music in Shaanxi Province features the following geographical characteristics： the folk songs are well developed in Northern Shaanxi; Chinese opera and quyi （Chinese narrative singings） are popular in the central Shaanxi plain; diversified folk music genres are popular in the southern part of Shaanxi. There are differences in musical cultures between the central and periphery areas in Shannxi. Take folksong as an example, there are two folksong centers in the southern and northern parts of Shaanxi Province respectively, i. e. , the Suide center and the Ziyang center. Other genres of folksongs are popular in different areas of Shaanxi as well. The underlying reasons of the above characteristics are： first, there are geographical differences among the northern, central and southern parts of Shaanxi ; second, the music was influenced by different historical music genres ; third, the musical cultures have also been affected by the vicissitudes of different government administration systems in different historical periods.