国外空间激光的发展现状

Development of foreign spaceborne laser

随着激光技术的不断发展和进步,星载激光系统成为空间信息获取的重要手段,在地形测绘、高分辨率观测、空间遥感、环境监测等领域具有重要的应用前景。回顾了NASA已经发射的空间应用激光系统在火星、水星、地球和月球地形测量上的应用,分析了激光器载荷的性能指标,阐述了正在发展的空间激光应用计划,指出当前的技术难以满足未来的空间激光任务需要,新的任务要求需要新的激光器技术,激光技术未来将会成为空间行星探测的关键技术。最后总结了空间应用固体激光器面临的关键问题及发展趋势。

With rapidly development of laser technology, space borne Lidar systems are becoming more and more important for space information detection such as three dimensional imaging, high resolution mapping, space remote sensing, environmental monitoring and so on. The space borne laser systems launched by NASA for planet surface topography such as Mars, Earth and Moon were overviewed, and the main features of these lasers were analyzed. Then, the currently being developed space bome Lidar programs, including their applications and special technology requirements, were analyzed. And indicating that the current technologies could not keep up with the demands of the future space borne Lidar missions and those future missions call for more advanced laser technologies. Spaceborne Lidar will become the critical technology for space explorations. At last, the development trend of space solid state lasers and the critical technologies for their applications were summarized.