大鼠后肢短暂缺血后胫骨骨膜变化的组织学观察

Histopathological observation of tibia periosteum of rats after transient posterior limb ischemia

目的 探讨缺血对骨外膜的影响。方法 于SD大鼠 (n =5 0 )右后肢大腿中段经止血带结扎缺血 1 5小时后 ,分别饲养 3天 (Ⅰ组 )和 10天 (Ⅱ组 ) ,以及缺血 4 5小时后分别饲养 3天 (Ⅲ组 )和 10天 (Ⅳ组 ) ,经切片观察胫骨骨膜组织病理学变化。结果 光镜观察发现Ⅰ、Ⅱ组右侧胫骨骨外膜细胞 (PCRT)无明显变化 ;Ⅲ组PCRT明显增生肥大 ,伴有大量编织骨形成 ;Ⅳ组PCRT增生明显减弱 ,无新的编织骨形成 ,骨髓内小血管周围可见骨化灶。Ⅲ、Ⅳ组PCRT和髓内变化情况与骨折愈合过程中外骨痂和内骨痂的形成相类似。结论 大鼠后肢严重缺血可引起胫骨骨外膜增生及成骨 ,但作用是短暂的。骨折局部的严重缺血可能是起动骨折愈合过程的一个重要因素。

Objective To explore the effect of ischemia on periosteum Methods Ischemia SD rat models (n=50)were established by application of tourniquet on middle third of right posterior limb After 1 5 hours of ischemia the rats were raised 3(group Ⅰ)and 10 days (group Ⅱ)respectively,and after 4 5 hours of ischemia the rats were also raised 3(group Ⅲ) and 10 days (group Ⅳ)respectively [HT5”H]Results The periosteal cells of right tibia (PCRT)had no obvious changes in group Ⅰ and Ⅱ Hyperplastic and hypertrophic PCRT could be seen notably in group Ⅲ and a large amount of woven bones were formed In group Ⅳ,hyperplasia of PCRT was much less than that in group Ⅲ and there was no new woven bone formed; meanwhile the circumvascular ossification was found in bone marrow The change of PCRT and bone marrow in group Ⅲ and Ⅳ were similar to initial formation of external and medullar callus during fracture healing Conclusion Severe ischemia of hind limb of rats can induce hyperplasia and hypertrophy of periosteum of the tibia;but the effect is transient It suggests that severe ischemia in the region of fracture may be an important factor in initiating the process of fracture healing.