青少年体育暴力测量维度的初步建构

The Preliminary Construction of Measurement Dimensions of the Youth Violence in Sports

依据青少年体育暴力的相关理论,在系统分析青少年体育暴力问题基础上,提出影响青少年体育暴力的主客观因素:个性特征、认知偏差、情绪效应和个性弱化是影响青少年体育暴力的的主观因素;情境因素(项目特点、竞争与攻击、比分差距、比赛结果和比赛规则)和社会因素(榜样作用、家庭引导、媒体感染、相关人员和机构影响)是影响青少年体育暴力的客观因素。采用质性研究对青少年体育暴力的测量维度进行初步建构。青少年体育暴力由青少年体育暴力认知观念、青少年体育暴力情绪和青少年体育暴力行为三个维度构成,其中,青少年体育暴力认知观念维度包括面子主义、猜疑、敌意、不服、报复心理和怨恨6个观测指标;青少年体育暴力情绪维度包括易怒、冲动和缺乏自制3个观测指标;青少年体育暴力行为维度包括言语暴力和身体暴力2个观测指标。在确定了青少年体育暴力测量维度后,阐述了《青少年体育暴力量表》的编制问题。

Based on the relevant theories of youth violence in sports, the paper analyzed the rela- tive issues about youth violence in sports systematically. The subjective influencing factors and objective influencing {actors were put forward.. Personality characteristics, cognitive deviation, emotional effect and personality weakening are its subjective influencing factors. And situational {actors （project characteristics, competition and attack, score gap, competition result and rules） and social factors （model {unction, family guide, media infection, and the influence of related personnel and institutions） are its objective influencing {actors. The measurement dimensions of youth violence in sports were constructed preliminarily by qualitative research, it consisted of youth violence cognitive belief, youth violence emotion and youth violence behavior. The youth violence cognitive belief in sports included face doctrine, suspicion, hostile, unconvinced, revenge and resentment. The youth violence emotion in sports included irritability, impulse and lacking of self--control. And the youth violence behavior in sports included verbal violence and physical vio- lence. Further more, based on the three measurement dimensions, the developing scale of youth violence in sport was explained.