心理技能训练对柔道运动员技能表现和心理坚韧性影响的研究

The Influence of Psychological Skills Training on Judo Athletes Skill Learning and Mental Toughness

本研究的主要目的旨在探讨柔道运动员接受心理技能训练后,运动员的技能表现和心理坚韧性的变化,以及透过心理技能训练后比较技能表现和心理坚韧性的差异。本研究受试者为36名柔道运动员,分为控制组、身体练习组、心理坚韧性练习组、心理坚韧性加身体练习组。各组依设定技能训练施以四周,每周三次。以柔道单臂过肩摔、大外割、水中憋气技能以及特质运动心理坚韧性量表为测验项目,进行前测、后测,并在后测后一周实施保留测验,以二因子混合变异数分析。结论:心理坚韧性加身体练习组在接受心理技能训练和身体技能训练后,优于其他三组(控制组、身体练习组、心理坚韧性练习组),不仅能有效提升技能学习,而且也能提升心理坚韧性。

The purpose of the study was to investigate the influence of psychological and physical training on skill learning and mental toughness of Judo athletes. Thirty--six Judo athletes partic- ipated in the study were divided into four groups, Control Group, Physical training group, Psy- chological training group, Psychological with Physical training group. The training of each group was conducted three times a week for 4 weeks. Performance in Ippon seoi nage, Osotogari, breath holding under water and mental toughness were evaluated pre-- and post--training and one week after post--training. The independent variables in the current study were psychological and physical skill training and test, and the dependent variables were skill learning and mental toughness. Two--way mixed design Factorial Analysis of Variance （ANOVA） was used to com- pare main effect and interaction. Post hoc was carried out by using Bonferroni method. Conclu- sion： psychological with physical training group performed significantly better than psychological training group, physical training group and control group. The combination of psychological physical training group shows significant contribution to skill learning and mental toughness.