合作意愿与合作能力——一种分析中国参与全球气候变化治理的新框架

Cooperative Will and Cooperative Capacity——A New Framework for Analyzing China’s Participation in Global Climate Governance

中国是全球气候变化治理的关键参与者。既有研究文献对中国在气候变化领域的合作行为进行了不同的解读,但对影响因素的分析主要集中在合作意愿上。作者在借鉴已有研究成果的基础上,从合作意愿和合作能力两个方面构建了分析国家气候合作行为的新框架。运用该框架,作者对中国参与全球气候变化治理的行为及其影响因素进行了实证分析,发现除了合作意愿以外,合作能力在客观上和主观上也对中国参与国际气候谈判和履行国际承诺的行为产生了重要影响。中国不断提升的合作意愿和合作能力使其在清洁发展机制、＂2度目标＂、国际磋商与分析等问题上表现出极大的合作性,但是其合作能力的有限性不足以支撑中国按照发达国家确立的时间表,承担具有国际约束力的减排义务。合作意愿和合作能力在未来仍将影响中国参与全球气候治理的行为。发展中国家和发达国家坦诚地分享和交流它们的合作能力水平信息,将有助于国际气候变化谈判以一种非对抗的方式进行。

China is a key player in global climate change governance.A large body of literature has attempted to explain China's behavior in global climate change governance and its influencing factors,but the researchers have mainly focused on the aspect of cooperative will.Drawing on existing literature,the author constructs a new analytical framework under which states' cooperative behavior is analyzed from the perspective of both cooperative will and cooperative capacity.Within such an analytical framework,the author has conducted an empirical study of China's behavior in global climate change governance and its influencing factors,finding that cooperative capacity has played important roles in deciding China's behavior in international climate change negotiations and implementation of current international commitments besides cooperative will.While the increasing cooperative will and cooperative capacity have led to the enhancement of China's cooperation level on the issues of CDM,'Two-degrees Centigrade' and International Consultation and Analysis etc.,its limited cooperative capacity has made it unable to accept international binding commitments of reducing emissions.The cooperative will and cooperative capacity will determine China's behavior in global climate change governance in the future.Also,the article holds that honest sharing and exchanging their information of cooperative capacity between developed and developing countries on climate change will be helpful for international climate change negotiations to proceed in a non-confrontational way.