戏剧文化生态研究述评

A Survey of the Study of Dramatic Culture Ecology

戏剧文化生态学是文化生态学的构成之一,是从生态学的视角研究戏剧,把戏剧作为一种文化类型、一种有生命的艺术种类,从而总结其在一定的环境下生存、繁衍、蜕变、变种、退化或消亡的规律。综合梳理文化生态学视野下二十世纪我国的戏剧研究,探究戏剧在特定文化生态中演变动因和历程、戏剧与其存身的文化生态的互动关系,思考如何通过文化生态的调整来保护、振兴传统戏剧和通过戏剧的保护、振兴推进多元、和谐、均衡的文化生态建设,可以得出这样的结论:保护和振兴中国传统戏剧等本土文化、传统文化,不仅是要扶持某一地、某一种艺术形式,更要保护、修复、完善文化所赖以存在的文化生态。

Dramatic culture ecology is a part of the cultural ecology.To study drama from the perspective of ecology is to consider it as a type of culture,a type of living art.This paper intends to sort out the 20th-century drama studies in China from the perspective of the cultural ecology,explore the reason and process of the development of drama in the special cultural ecology and the interrelation between drama and the cultural ecology in which drama exists,and discuss how to reserve and develop the traditional drama by adjusting the cultural ecology and how to promote the multiple,harmonious and balanced construction of the cultural ecology by reserving and developing the traditional drama.To reserve and develop the local culture and traditional culture such as the traditional Chinese drama is not only to help sustain a certain form of art in a certain place,but to protect,renovate and improve the cultural ecology on which culture depends to exist.