老年膝关节骨性关节炎患病危险因素的调查

A survey on risk factors for elderly knee osteoarthritis

背景:膝关节骨性关节炎是老年人最常见的一种关节疾病,可引起老年人下肢残疾,严重影响着老年人的日常活动和生活质量,了解老年人膝关节骨性关节炎的患病因素对预防疾病的发生起到积极作用。目的:通过调查佛山市高明区老年人膝关节骨性关节炎的患病情况,探讨老年人膝关节骨性关节炎的相关危险因素。方法:在佛山市高明区内采用分层多阶段整群抽样方法,抽取2250名60岁及以上老年人进行膝关节骨性关节炎的流行病学问卷调查,男女各1125名,对1064名有症状者进行膝关节正侧位X射线检查,老年人膝关节骨性关节炎诊断标准为临床症状阳性和X射线Kellgren&Lawrence分级2级及以上者。采用SPSS13.0软件对调查问卷结果进行多因素非条件Logistic回归分析,筛选出膝关节骨性关节炎的危险因素。结果与结论:文化程度、饮食习惯、吸烟、饮酒、出入爬楼梯习惯、蹲位排便习惯、骨质疏松病史并不是老年人膝关节骨性关节炎的危险因素(均OR<1)。性别、年龄、肥胖、居住环境潮湿阴暗、站姿工作习惯、重体力劳动职业、膝关节外伤史、骨性关节炎家族史是老年人膝关节骨性关节炎的危险因素(均OR>1)。

BACKGROUND：Elderly knee osteoarthritis is a most common joint disease,which can cause the elderly lower limb disability and has serious impact on daily activities and life quality of the elderly.Understanding the prevalence factors of elderly knee osteoarthritis plays a positive role in preventing the disease occurrence.OBJECTIVE：To explore the risk factors of elderly knee osteoarthritis through investigating the occurrence of elderly knee osteoarthritis in Gaoming district,Foshan city.METHODS：A total of 2 250 older patients aged over 60 years were selected with stratified multi-stage cluster sampling method from Gaoming district,Foshan city for an epidemiological survey of elderly knee osteoarthritis,1 125 in male and female.Among them,1 064 patients received the knee joint anteroposterior and lateral X-ray examination.The diagnostic criteria of elderly knee osteoarthritis included the positive clinical symptoms and ≥ 2 X-ray Kellgren Lawrence grade.SPSS 13.0 software was used to perform the multivariate unconditional logistic regression analysis on the questionnaire results,and to find out the risk factors of knee osteoarthritis.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION：Educational level,dietary habits,smoking,drinking,climbing stairs,squatting defecation and the history of osteoporosis are not the risk factors for elderly knee osteoarthritis（mean odds ratio 1）.Gender,age,obesity,damp and dark living environment,standing working,heavy physical labor,knee trauma history and family history of osteoarthritis are the risk factors for elderly knee osteoarthritis（mean odds ratio 1）.