睡姿和枕高对颈椎应力影响的三维有限元分析

Three-dimensional finite element analysis on the effect of sleeping position and pillow height on cervical spine stress

背景:目前睡姿和枕高的研究主要集中在临床方面,多采用统计调查、测量及影像学相结合的方法。但采用三维有限元法分析睡姿和枕高对颈椎应力影响的研究至今鲜见报道。目的:采用数学仿真的方法探讨睡姿及枕高对颈椎应力的影响。方法:以正常人体头颈CT图像为原始数据,依次经过Mimics 10.0、Geomagic Studio 11.0及Hypermesh 10.0软件建立全颈椎的三维有限元模型,利用Abaqus 6.10软件仿真分析仰卧状态与侧卧状态不同枕高下颈椎的应力特性。结果与结论:睡姿和枕高对颈椎应力均有影响。枕高相同时,仰卧位椎间盘应力的最大值大于侧卧位。同样睡姿下,颈椎椎体及椎间盘的应力值均随枕高的增加而增大。从颈椎应力的生物力学角度看,侧卧比仰卧更有利于颈椎的健康,且仰卧位枕高应低于侧卧位。

BACKGROUND： At present, the study of sleeping position and the height of pillow are mainly concentrated in the clinical aspects using survey, measurement and imaging methods. However, the study on the effect of sleeping position and the height of pillow on cervical spine stress by three-dimensional finite element method is rarely reported. OBJECTIVE： To explore the effect of sleeping position and pillow height on the stress of cervical spine by using the mathematical simulation method. METHODS： Mimics 10.0, Geomagic Studio 11.0 and Hypermesh 10.0 softwares were used to establish the three-dimensional finite element model of the whole cervical spine based on the raw data from CT images of a normal human’s head and neck. The stress properties of cervical spine under different pillow heights were analyzed by Abaqus 6.10 while sleeping on the back and side, respectively. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION： Both sleeping position and pillow height exhibited a significant influence on the stress of cervical spine. The maximum stress value of intervertebral disc under supine lying was higher than that of side lying with the same pillow height. The stress of cervical vertebrae and intervertebral disc increased with the increasing of pillow height under the same sleeping position. From the viewpoint of biomechanics of cervical spine stress, side lying was more helpful to cervical health than supine lying, and the pillow height under supine lying should be lower than that of side lying.