井冈山自然保护区野生兰科植物资源分布及特点

Wild Orchid Diversity in Jinggangshan Nature Reserve,China

通过对江西省井冈山自然保护区兰科(Orchidaceae)植物的调查,分析了保护区内兰科植物的物种多样性、区系特点、分布格局,并采用SPSS18.0软件对井冈山及其邻近保护区属的种类进行相关和聚类分析。结果表明:井冈山兰科植物种类丰富,共有兰科植物34属75种,中国特有兰科植物19种。井冈山兰科植物资源垂直分布格局明显,不同海拔段的兰科植物分布差异较大,中低海拔的物种分布较多,资源相对保存较好;区系成分复杂多样,井冈山兰科植物属的地理成分可以划分为10个类型2个变型,热带性属占优势,占总属数的67.3%,但热带分布的种仅占本地区总种数的37.3%,而温带分布的种却占62.7%,故井冈山自然保护区属热带植物区系与温带植物区系过渡的交汇地带。井冈山兰科植物与齐云山自然保护区的相似性最高,与武夷山自然保护区的相似性最低。

In the present study,we investigated the diversity,floristic characteristics,and distribution pattern of wild orchids at Jingangshan Nature Reserve.Correlation and cluster analysis of species between Jinggangshan and adjacent nature reserves were carried out by SPSS18.0 software.Results showed an abundance of orchids,some 74 species and 34 genera,in Jingangshan Nature Reserve.Ninteen species were endemic to China.The vertical distribution pattern of the wild orchid resource in Jinggangshan was obvious,with more species distributed in the mid and low altitude mountainous areas.In addition,the floristic elements were more complex,and the geographical elements of orchid were divided into ten types and two variants.Among them,the tropical type was richest,accounting for 67.3% of all genera and 37.3% of all species.The temperate type species accounted for 62.7% of all species.This indicated that Jinggangshan Nature Reserve was a convergence zone of tropical and temperate flora.Compared with adjacent nature reserves,the similarity of orchids between Jinggangshan and Qiyunshan Nature Reserve was the highest,and was the lowest between Jinggangshan and Wuyishan Nature Reserve.