东北地区森林的空间分布格局及影响因素

Forest Spatial Distribution and Influencing Factors in Northeast China

东北地区是我国主要的森林分布区之一,近年来森林面积逐渐减少,对生态环境造成严重影响。利用"3S"技术和逐步回归分析方法,对该地区森林资源的空间分布格局及影响因素进行量化分析。分析结果表明:东北地区森林资源空间分布呈现北多南少、东多西少的趋势,主要集中分布于山区;东北地区森林高—高聚集类型主要集中分布于大小兴安岭和长白山地的一些县市,而低—低聚集类型主要分布于松辽平原;森林的空间分布格局主要受地形、气候和人为因素等条件的制约,其中海拔、气温、坡度、坡向、日照时数、人口密度与森林率相关性较强。

Northeast China is one of the major forest distribution areas. The fact that forest area gradually reduced in past few years caused the serious impact on ecological environment. ＂3S＂ and stepwise regression analysis method were used for the quantitative analysis for the forest resources of space distribution pattern and the influencing factor. The analysis results showed that the forest spatial distribution in northeast presents below status： the forest resource in north are much more than that in south, more in east than that in west, and the forest mainly distributes in mountainous area. The high-high ag- gregate type of forest in northeast mainly distributes in Daxinanling, Xiaoxinanling and Changbai Mountain. However, the low-low aggregate type mainly distributes in Songliao Plain. The spatial distribution pattern is chiefly affected by the conditions of terrain, climate and human factors and so on, especially by the altitude, temperature, gradient, slope direction, sunshine duration, population density and forest rate.