324例同龄儿童心理发育障碍的对照研究

A case-control study on 324 children of the same age with psychological developmental disorders

目的:了解同年龄孤独症及精神发育迟滞儿童发育水平的异同点,为临床诊疗提供参考依据。方法:162例儿童孤独症患儿及162例精神发育迟滞患儿采用发育商量表(Gesell)检测智能发育水平。结果:孤独症组男女儿童智能发育水平无统计学差异;同年龄组孤独症及精神发育迟滞患儿除语言项以外,各项发育商水平差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。男童、女童分别进行发育商对比分析,各功能区发育水平男童的临床表现比女童明显。结论:孤独症患儿大多数伴有精神发育迟滞,发育水平损伤程度不同,孤独症男、女儿童发育损伤表现略有不同,男性患儿临床症状更为明显。

Objective： To understand the similarities and differences of autism and mental retardation among children of the same age, and provide a basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment. Methods： Gesell scale was used to detect levels of intellectual development a- mong 162 children with autism and 162 children with mental retardation. Results： There was no statistically significant difference in level of intellectual development between boys and girls in autism group; except language, there were statistically significant differences in develop- ment quotients of other items between autism group and mental retardation group （ P 〈 0. 05 ） . The clinical manifestations of boys of devel- opmental levels of various functional domains were more apparent than girls. Conclusion： Most of children with autism always have mental retardation ; the symptoms of developmental damage of boys and girls with autism vary with different degrees of damage of developmental lev- el, the clinical symptoms of boys are more obvious.