中国牧区生态移民可持续发展实践及对策研究

On the Practices and Measures about the Sustainable Development of Ecological Migrations in Chinese Pasturing Areas

生态移民是国家为实现"生态"与"发展"双赢而实施的一项复杂的系统工程。牧区生态移民是中国生态移民工程的重要组成部分,是实现牧区生态文明建设的重要内容之一。牧区生态移民是"危机-应对"式自上而下的政府主导型行为,已有近10年实践历程,效果比较显著,但也存在较多的问题与挑战。本文在梳理中国牧区生态移民实践的基础上,对牧区生态移民实施中存在的问题和困境,以及如何实现牧区生态移民可持续发展进行了对策性探索。

Ecological migrations is a complex and systematic project which Chinese government has put into practice in order to achieve the goal of both maintaining ecological environments and developing industries.Ecological migrations in Chinese pasturing areas is not only an important portion of the Chinese ecological migrations project,but also an integral part of the construction of the Chinese ecological civilization.The project,as a kind of government-based behaviors from the bottom up which is called 'crisis and reply' model,has been nearly 10 years.Its effect is remarkable;at the same time,it is also facing many problems and challenges.The paper makes a deep study on the practices and measures about the sustainable development of ecological migrations in Chinese pasturing areas.