“小说”的终结和“文本”的开始:贝克特小说《怎么回事》之后现代写作特征解析

The End of Novel and the Beginning of Texts: An Analysis of Beckett's Postmodern novel How It Is

作为20世纪西方文坛反传统的权威,贝克特的小说实验曾因过分走极端而陷入僵局,他最后的长篇小说《怎么回事》标志着他小说实验的终结,但是也隐喻了一种更加自由的、意义永无穷尽、多元开放的文本形式的诞生。这部作品既是对后现代复杂的世界图像和文化逻辑的呈现,也是对小说极限的挑战。本文试图从文体、叙事话语、语言表征的层面来探讨这部作品的思想内涵及其后现代写作特征,从而揭示贝克特对艺术与生活、语言和存在的关系问题的反思。

As an outstanding Avante-garde writer in 20 th century European literature,Samuel Beckett's novel experiment once got to an impasse owing to his extreme approach.His last novel How It Is marked the end of his formal experiment;meanwhile,it stood for the birth of a type of plural,open and dynamic text in which the meaning is never attained.The present thesis attempts to discuss the hidden meaning in How It Is and its features of postmodern writing from the perspectives of literary form,narrative discourse,and language representation,so as to reveal Beckett's profound thinking on the relationship between art and life,language and being.