海外温州人经济崛起的融资机制——纽约温州人标会现象研究

Fund Rising Mechanism for the Economical Rising of Overseas Wenzhou Immigrants——Research on Bidding ROSCAS among Wenzhou Immigrants in New York

为了探寻海外温州人经济迅速崛起的奥秘,本文通过对纽约温州人标会现象的调查研究发现,依托熟人社会人格化信任所形成的多边信任(惩罚)机制,海外温州人建立的互助互利和一定的风险防范功能的标会组织是海外温州人群体能够迅速抱团崛起的一个重要内在制度原因。海外温商适应新的经济环境,对传统标会进行继承和创新,使得群体中有创业能力但缺乏创业资本、又无法从正规金融渠道获得资金支持的个体能够短时间内越过自主创业的必要资本量壁垒,从而实现从普通打工者到老板的惊人一跃。

Through solid field research and delicate analysis on Bidding ROSCAS （Rotating Saving and Credit Association）among Wenzhou immigrants in New York, this paper tries to explore the reason why overseas Wenzhou immigrant groups could economically succeed or rise in very short time. The author found that the secret lies in the Multilateral Trust ＆ Punishment Mechanism based on personal truSt in acquaintance society, which support Bidding ROSCAS, a mutual benefit as well as risk control mechanism to raise funds. In order to adapt to new economic environments overseas, overseas Wenzhou business people inherit yet innovate the mechanism of traditional Bidding ROSCAS, which ensures those individuals in the group, who are capable to start business but lack necessary funds, those who are not able to get funds from formal financial channel, to get necessary funds to start his own business in very short time and transform from ordinary employees to employers.