智力跨国外流有利于中国技术创新吗?

Does Brain Drain Promote Technology Innovation in China?

智力跨国外流究竟是提升了外流国的技术创新能力,还是导致创新人才流失而削弱了技术创新能力?文章在人力资本异质性的开放经济框架内,将智力外流引入技术创新生产函数,从理论上探讨了智力外流与外流国技术创新之间的关系,并进一步构造智力外流指标,利用中国省际面板数据进行了实证分析。实证结果表明,智力外流与中国技术创新之间呈倒U形关系,当前中国大部分地区的智力外流水平处于倒U形曲线的上升阶段。因此,鼓励和合理引导人才国际流动对于提升中国技术创新能力具有重要意义。

Is brain drain beneficial to the technology innovation of thehome country？ Under an open economic framework with the heterogeneity of human capital, this paper introduces brain drain into a production function in regard to technology innovation and theoretically analyzes the relationship between brain drain and the technology innovation of the home country. Then it constructs the indices of brain drain and makes an empirical study by using the provincial panel data in China. The empirical results show that there is a U-shaped relationship between brain drain and technology innova- tion and the levels of brain drain in most areas of China are in the rising phase of the U-shaped curve, so the encouragement and guide of the interna- tional flow of talents is of great importance to the enhancement of technolo- gy innovation capability in China.