高温冲蚀磨损装置的可靠性与冲蚀规律

Reliability of High Temperature Erosion-Wear Test Rig and Investigation of Erosion Rule of Stainless Steel

为了给材料抗冲蚀磨损性能相关标准提供准确数据,自制了高温冲蚀装置,以304不锈钢为试材,研究此装置在以磨粒粒径、冲蚀角度、冲蚀气流压力、环境温度4因素构成的正交条件下的稳定性,并对冲蚀规律及试验后磨粒粒径的分布进行了分析。结果表明:各试验条件下的重复性、再现性试验误差均在允许范围内,装置稳定性符合要求;304不锈钢在60～80目磨粒粒径、90°冲蚀角、0.15 MPa气流压力、600℃条件下冲蚀磨损量最小,在140～160目磨粒粒径、15°冲蚀角、0.35 MPa气流压力、800℃条件下冲蚀磨损量最大;磨粒在与材料表面发生碰撞的过程中粒径会发生变化,产生破碎现象。

A high temperature erosion-wear test rig was developed so as to provide accurate data for establishing relevant standard concerning the evaluation of erosion-wear resistance of materials.The stability of the test rig was examined with 304 stainless steel as to-be-tested sample under orthogonal conditions involving four factors of abrasive particle size,impact angle,gas pressure and environment temperature.Besides,the erosion rule of the stainless steel and the size distribution of wear debris were investigated.Results showed that the errors of reproducibility and repeatability under all testing conditions were within permitted limits,while the stability of the test rig was satisfactory.In the meantime,the stainless steel had the minimum erosion-wear mass loss under 60~80 mesh of particle size,90° of impact angle,0.15 MPa of gas pressure and 600 ℃ of environment temperature;and its erosion-wear mass loss was the maximum under 140~160 mesh of particle size,15° of impact angle,0.35 MPa of gas pressure and 800 ℃ of environment temperature.Moreover,the wear debris was liable to fragment upon collision against the stainless steel surface thereby leading to change in its size.