基于遗传算法的西北旱区灌溉效益决策模型研究

Decision-Making Model of Irrigation Profit in Northwest Arid Area Based on Genetic Algorithm

研究西北旱区在水资源严重短缺和粮食安全要求的前提下,如何将有限的灌溉水资源合理的在不同作物以及作物不同生长阶段进行分配,使灌溉效益最大化。为此建立了多区域多作物优化种植的灌溉效益决策模型,模型充分考虑了粮食的市场价格、投入的各种农业生产要素成本以及国家农业补贴政策等因素。通过对大同地区玉米和黄豆联合种植试验区灌溉收益模型建立,采用遗传算法对模型进行了求解,在特定的一组遗传算法参数设定下,得到了模型的最优解,即水资源最优分配、产量和种植收益。从模型计算结果来看,在非充分灌溉条件下,玉米与黄豆的产量都随着灌溉水量的增加而增加,黄豆分配的灌溉水量较多,玉米得到的灌溉水量较少,黄豆的净收益比玉米高。这对该区域种植结构的调整、农民增收以及指导灌溉过程具有重要的现实意义。

This paper mainly focused on how to allocate irrigation water in different crops and growth stages under the premise of water shortage and food safety demand to achieve the best irrigation profit.In order to set up decision-making model adapting to multi-regions and multi-crops,many factors,including grain price,the other agricultural cost and the national agricultural subsidies,and so on,were considered.Combined planting model for corn and soybean was established in Datong district and a genetic algorithm was adopted to solve the model.The results showed that the yield of corn and soybean increased with the increase of irrigation volume.The profit of soybean was more than corns.The model gained a set of optimal solution based on Genetic algorithm,which had important realistic significance for agriculture structure adjustment and guiding agriculture irrigation.